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  Citation statistics : Table of Contents
   2017| April-June  | Volume 8 | Issue 2  
    Online since April 17, 2017

 
 
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REVIEW ARTICLES
Biochemical markers as skeletal maturity indicators
T Tripathi, P Gupta, P Rai
April-June 2017, 8(2):60-66
DOI:10.4103/ijor.ijor_37_16  
Precise estimation of the stage of skeletal growth is essential for the formulation of accurate treatment planning and employing orthodontic intervention through functional orthopedic appliances for the shortest time possible yielding stable results. Along with clinical and radiological techniques, biochemical markers play an important role in the growth assessment for differential treatment application. Isolation and characterization of various systemic and local factors having a significant role in the growth process provided us the sight to tap their potential to be used as skeletal maturity indicators. Different methods for the assessment of biomarkers in use are enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioimmunoassays, and immunoradiometric assays. These methods of assessment of biochemical markers are noninvasive and when interpreted correctly give useful information. This article presents an overview of various biomarkers under research for predicting skeletal growth.
  6 12,947 1,916
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Comparison of soft tissue chin thickness in adult patients with various mandibular divergence patterns in Kodava population
S Somaiah, MU Khan, S Muddaiah, B Shetty, G Reddy, Roopa Siddegowda
April-June 2017, 8(2):51-56
DOI:10.4103/ijor.ijor_38_16  
Background: Finally, facial contours are determined by the soft tissues, and these can be altered by growth and orthodontic treatment. The position and the relationships among the facial structures can be affected by variation in thickness, length, and tonicity of soft tissues thereby affecting facial esthetics. Such variations between skeletal and soft tissues can cause a disassociation between the position of the underlying bony structures and the facial appearance that may shift treatment into the range of orthognathic and cosmetic surgery. Aims: This study was conducted to enumerate and compare soft tissue chin (STC) thickness in adult patients with various mandibular divergence pattern in Kodava population and to find the difference in STC thickness between men and women. Materials and Methods: A sample including eighty patients were stratified into four groups based on the divergence pattern defined by the mandibular plane (MP) to cranial base angle (MP/sella-nasion [SN]; average = 32° ± 5°). Low (L) = MP/SN ≤27°; medium-low (ML) = 27°<MP/SN ≤32°; medium-high (MH) = 32° <MP/SN <37°; and high (H), MP/SN ≥37°. The STC thickness was measured at three different levels: Pogonion (Pog)-Pog', gnathion (Gn)-Gn', menton (Me)-Me'. For statistical analysis Student's t-test, ANOVA were performed. Results: The STC thickness at Pog-Pog' and Me-Me' was the highest in ML followed by MH, low and was least in high. At Me-Me', the STC thickness was the highest in ML followed by low, MH and was least in high. Conclusions: STC thickness was greater in men than in women in all the groups except high mandibular divergence pattern.
  4 5,335 580
CASE REPORTS
A modified three-piece base arch for en masse retraction and intrusion in a Class II Division 1 subdivision case
Dhaval Ranjitbhai Lekhadia, Gautham Hegde, K Sindhuja
April-June 2017, 8(2):81-89
DOI:10.4103/ijor.ijor_6_17  
This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of an 18-year-old male patient who presented with the prognathic maxilla, deep bite, low mandibular plane angle, and proclined incisors. Modified three-piece base arch was used for the intrusion and retraction of maxillary incisor. En masse retraction was achieved in 6 months. Reduced time for retraction was attributed to a single stage of retraction, unlike burrstone three-piece intrusion base arch where canines are individually retracted followed by retraction of incisors. A modified utility arch was used in lower arch followed by a continuous archwire technique. The case was finished using bite settling elastics on a continuous archwire. The step between canine and premolar was corrected in the finishing phase of treatment. The final treatment outcomes were satisfactory, and true intrusion was achieved with proper selection of biomechanics.
  3 12,924 1,376
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Cephalometric and computed tomography evaluation of dentoalveolar/soft-tissue change and alteration in condyle-glenoid fossa relationship using the PowerScope: A new fixed functional appliance for Class II correction –A clinical study
B Nishanth, Adusumilli Gopinath, Sameer Ahmed, Neelakantha Patil, K Srinivas, ASK Chaitanya
April-June 2017, 8(2):41-50
DOI:10.4103/ijor.ijor_5_17  
Background and Objectives: Among various interarch appliances for the correction of Class II malocclusion, PowerScope is one of the latest appliances used in the clinical practice of orthodontics. This clinical study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficiency of PowerScope appliance by assessing skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft-tissue changes and condyle-glenoid fossa relationship after using the appliance. The null hypothesis of this research is that there is a significant difference between dentoalveolar and soft-tissue changes alone. Methodology: Ten patients of age between 11 and 16 years, 4 males and 6 females, who reported to the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, have been treated for Class II malocclusion (nonextraction) were selected for the study. Inclusion criteria included convex profile, retrognathic/deficient mandible, growing patient at least pubertal growth period, minimal crowding, and positive visual treatment objective. Exclusion criteria included patients with neuromuscular disease, temporomandibular joint problem, and skeletal open bite. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis is performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The study revealed the following findings. There are statistically significant changes in dentoalveolar and soft-tissue parameters after using PowerScope appliance. Statistical significant changes are seen in the anterior and posterior joint spaces relationship after using PowerScope appliance. Interpretation and Conclusion: Thus, PowerScope was clinically efficient in the correction of Class II malocclusion in noncompliant patients. Although there were changes in the skeletal parameters, they are not statistically significant. Hence, based on this clinical study, we can conclude that the Class II correction with PowerScope occurred almost entirely by dentoalveolar movement.
  3 6,978 772
CASE REPORTS
Orthodontic management of a periodontally compromised patient
Madhukar Reddy Rachala, Kaladhar Reddy Aileni, Pitalla Naveen Kumar, Donthula Soujanya, Chinthakunta Reddy Prathima
April-June 2017, 8(2):78-80
DOI:10.4103/ijor.ijor_34_16  
Today many adult patients with periodontal disease demonstrate malocclusions that compromise their esthetics and ability to maintain oral hygiene. With adequate combined orthodontic.periodontal treatment it is possible to correct malocclusion and re.establish a healthy and well-functioning dentition. However, while orthodontic treatment can realign periodontally affected teeth, esthetic appearance may be compromised by gingival recession due to alveolar bone dehiscences or fenestrations in combination with a thin gingival biotype. This article reports an interdisciplinary. (orthodontic and periodontic) approach for the treatment of a periodontally compromised patient with spacing in anterior dental region. Periodontal therapy, including periodontal plastic surgery to obtain root coverage as well as orthodontic treatment by means of a fixed appliance was used to achieve stable periodontal conditions and successful esthetic and functional final results.
  2 9,229 889
Eagle syndrome: Orthodontist's perspective
K Sindhuja, Gautham Hegde, Rohan Rai, Abhinay Sorake, Naveen Suvarna
April-June 2017, 8(2):74-77
DOI:10.4103/ijor.ijor_35_16  
The objective of the article is to report a case of Eagle syndrome in an orthodontic patient. A 20-year-old patient reported to the Department of Orthodontics with a chief complaint of crowding in upper and lower teeth and difficulty in mouth opening. Detailed history and radiographs led to the diagnosis of elongated styloid process also termed as “Eagle syndrome.”
  - 5,339 379
REVIEW ARTICLES
“I don't look good” unexplored parameter of orthodontic treatment
Ankita Jaiswal, Ragni Tandon, Kamlesh Singh, Abhimanyu Rohmetra
April-June 2017, 8(2):57-59
DOI:10.4103/ijor.ijor_40_16  
Body image plays a significant role for patients seeking orthodontic treatment. But sometimes, some patients are preoccupied with a perceived defect in his or her physical features (body image) and are excessively concerned about it. They focus on physical defects that are unnoticeable by others and are suffering from a psychological (somatoform) disorder known as body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Therefore, aware of the condition by orthodontists is essential as these are cases either with no deformity or is a most unsatisfied group. This article focuses on the identification of BDD, its etiology, symptoms, role in orthodontics and management.
  - 4,667 359
Cone beam computed tomography: A newer avenue in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning
N Tilekar, VD Swami, AV Sabane, SA Shinde, RB Sable
April-June 2017, 8(2):67-73
DOI:10.4103/ijor.ijor_8_17  
Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-three-dimensional (3D) imaging technique has shown tremendous progress since its introduction in dentistry and reformed the efficiency and effectiveness of orthodontic care. There has been a great revolution from its use as a predominantly diagnostic tool to an imaging method now used for predicting treatment outcomes and planning treatment. The conventional imaging techniques are basically two-dimensional (2D) representations of 3D objects and hence, they have many limitations. Malocclusion results from discrepancies in three planes of space and hence, 2D imaging cannot be used to achieve ideal imaging goals in orthodontics. It is an excellent tool for diagnosis, treatment planning, patient management and education, improved treatment outcome, and patient satisfaction. A cone beam examination is recommended in the detection of assessing shape and growth of mandible, localization of impacted canines, evaluation of root resorption repair, for the placement of temporary anchorage device, airway analysis in growing patients with maxillary constriction treated with rapid palatal expansion, etc, This article provides a comprehensive and current review of key studies on the applications of CBCT in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
  - 5,794 560