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   2016| October-December  | Volume 7 | Issue 4  
    Online since January 3, 2017

 
 
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REVIEW ARTICLES
Dermatoglyphics and orthodontics
S Achalli, M Patla, USK Nayak, CR Soans
October-December 2016, 7(4):144-147
DOI:10.4103/2349-5243.197462  
Dermatoglyphics is the study of fingerprints and skin patterns. These appear at the 12 th week of intrauterine life and are completely established by the 24 th week of intrauterine life. It is said that thereafter, these configurations remain constant throughout life. It is during the same embryonic period that finger and palm prints, the lip, alveolus, and palate develop. As a result, any factor causing changes in the lip, alveolus, and palate may also cause different patterns in the appearance of finger and palm prints. Hence, fingerprint patterns and other details of dermal ridges may offer distinct advantages and thus may be used as a screening tool, which is easily accessible, economical, and noninvasive marker to detect early malocclusion.
  9,845 1,230 8
CASE REPORT
Treatment of Class II division 2 malocclusion with impacted lower canine
Pratik Patel, Ravi Shanthraj, Nekta Garg, Anisha Vallakati, B Ashwini
October-December 2016, 7(4):148-153
DOI:10.4103/2349-5243.197464  
A 15-year-old female presented unilateral Class II molar relation with 90% overbite, retroclined upper central incisors, and impacted lower right canine. Nonextraction treatment was planned to correct deep bite, retroclination of upper central incisors, and unilateral Class II molar relation. Intrusion arch was used to intrude and procline the upper central incisors. Correcting the axial inclination of retroclined incisors caused unlocking of the mandible. This, in turn, leads to simultaneous correction of class II molar relation. The vertical loop was used to disimpact canine. Posttreatment incisors inclination was corrected, bilateral Class I molar relation was achieved, and canine had erupted in its position. The smile arc was improved along with mentolabial sulcus and nasolabial angle.
  9,302 747 1
REVIEW ARTICLES
Renaissance in orthodontics: Nanotechnology
Navaneetha Nambi, NR Shrinivaasan, L Xavier Dhayananth, Vishal G Chajallani, Ashwin Mathew George
October-December 2016, 7(4):139-143
DOI:10.4103/2349-5243.197461  
Curiosity has its own reason for existing. For thousands of years, humanity has been harnessing its curiosity into inquiry and the process of scientific methodology. If we consider technology as an engine, then science is its fuel. Science of miniaturization (nanotechnology) is manipulating matter at nanometer level and the application of the same to medicine is called nanomedicine. Nanotechnology holds promise for advanced diagnostics, targeted drug delivery, and biosensors and is believed to create advances in the field of orthodontics to a great extent. When we gain access to hold the nanorobots, we will be able to treat very rapidly a number of diseases that are a continuous threat for humanity today. The present article aims to provide an early glimpse on the impact and future implication of nanotechnology in dentistry, especially in the field of orthodontics.
  8,755 919 5
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Comparison of cephalometric readings between manual tracing and digital software tracing: A pilot study
MK Kamath, AV Arun
October-December 2016, 7(4):135-138
DOI:10.4103/2349-5243.197460  
Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze and compare the cephalometric readings between manual tracings with digital software tracings using Steiner's analysis. Materials and Methods: The conventional lateral cephalograms of twenty participants were obtained. Six hard tissue landmarks were identified, and Steiner's analysis was carried out. The radiographs were manually traced, and the readings were recorded. Following this, the radiographs were uploaded in the FACAD digital software for digital tracing. Results: SNA, SNB, lower incisor to NB angle, and linear values show statistically significant differences. The remaining parameters do not show statistical difference. Conclusion: The results show a statistical difference between manual and digital tracing. The variation lies in the difference in identification of the hard tissue landmarks.
  7,673 698 3
Craniofacial anthropometric measurements of adult Indians in Angles Class I malocclusion
SA Shinde, RB Sable, AS Patil
October-December 2016, 7(4):130-134
DOI:10.4103/2349-5243.197459  
Context: The study was done on Adult Indians ranging from an age group of 18-25 years inhibiting Angles Class I malocclusion. Aims: The objective of the study was to establish the craniofacial anthropometric norms for the young adult (18-28 years) Indians. Subjects and Methods: The study group consisted of 150 healthy volunteers with equal number of male and female subjects who had no history of mixed racial parentage. Twenty-one linear measurements were studied from 28 landmarks over six craniofacial regions by two different operators. Statistical Analysis Used: Sample t-test was used to study the significance of the difference of each average level of all craniofacial parameters between male and female groups. Chi-square test was used to study the statistical significance of difference of the craniofacial indices between males and females. Results: The minimum measurements were contributed by female subjects in most of the craniofacial parameters, except for the eye fissure height (ps-pi) and nose prominence (sn-prn). There is a gender difference in all the measurements except the eye fissure width and nose prominence (independent t-test; P < 0.05). The Indians exhibit some North American White Caucasians (NAWC) features in all regions. Conclusions: This study establishes the craniofacial anthropometric norms of the Indians over 21 parameters. Males, in general, have a significantly higher measurement than females in most of the craniofacial parameters. The Indians do exhibit some NAWC like features.
  7,552 661 1
Evaluation of influence of altered lower vertical proportions in the perception of facial attractiveness
J Soni, TR Shyagali, N Kulkarni, D Bhayya
October-December 2016, 7(4):124-129
DOI:10.4103/2349-5243.197454  
Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the perception of facial attractiveness by the laypersons and the orthodontist using a series of silhouettes of varying lower facial vertical proportion. Materials and Methods: Sixty-three orthodontists and 63 laypersons judged the attractiveness of the series of seven silhouettes of the single person with the varying anterior lower facial height (LFH). The silhouettes were modified using the Corel software. The participants were asked to record their perception on a visual analog scale of 10 cm length. Independent t-test was performed to know the difference between the orthodontists and the laypersons, and the difference between female and male orthodontists and the lay persons. Results: Significant difference was noticed for different vertical height modifications. The master silhouette followed by the 2 mm decrease in the LFH followed by the 2 mm increase in the LFH was most preferred profiles by both the orthodontists and the laypersons. The modified silhouette with 6 mm increase or decrease was considered to be the most unattractive profile. There existed a significant difference between male and female laypersons for the lower face decreased by 4 mm and 6 mm silhouettes. Conclusion: The esthetic perception in relation to the vertical height by orthodontist and the laypersons in this particular population is similar, and the preferred profile is with average to the decreased LFH. It is recommended that the orthodontist keeps the LFH preference during the execution of the treatment.
  5,247 425 3
GUEST EDITORIAL
Maxillary expansion and breathing function: Where we are now?
Rosamaria Fastuca
October-December 2016, 7(4):121-123
DOI:10.4103/2349-5243.197451  
  4,398 362 -
From the guillotine to the plastic re-evolution
Juan Pablo Gomez Arango
October-December 2016, 7(4):119-120
DOI:10.4103/2349-5243.197448  
  4,339 387 -